Scrödinger's cat is a thought experiment whose original objective was to criticize the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen model of quantum mechanics, in which a single subatomic particle decided the life or death of the cat enclosed in a box, in this way the cat remained both alive and dead until it is subjected to measurement or observation, in this way, once the state of the cat is known, the quantum collapse occurs in which only one of the results is correct.
This paradox, although originally made as a critique, trying to expose the ridiculousness of applying quantum mechanics to complex systems, resulted in a simplification of the understanding of quantum mechanics and made a niche in popular culture.